The New Pali Course Book 1

Vocabulary

Pali - English

Abbreviations

• m. Masculine
• f. Feminine
• n. Neuter
• ind. Indeclinable
• adv. Adverb
• v. Verb
• adj. Adjective
• inf. Infinitive
• pr.p. Present Participle
• p.p. Past Participle
• pot.p. Potential Participle
• pron. Pronoun
• ger. Gerund
• 3. Of the three genders

[a]

• akkhi (n) eye.
• agacchi (v) went.
• aggi (m) fire.
• a`nguli (f) finger.
• acari (v) walked, travelled.
• acci (n) flame.
• aja (m) goat.
• ajja (ind) today.
• a~n~na (adj) another, other.
• a~n~natara (adj) certain.
• a.tavi (f) forest.
• a.t.tha (3) eight.
• a.t.thama (adj) eighth.
• a.t.thaviisati (f) twenty-eight.
• a.t.thasata (n) 800.
• a.t.thaadasa (3) eighteen.
• a.t.thaarasa (3) eighteen.
• a.t.thaasi (v) stood.
• a.t.thaasiiti (f) eighty-eight.
• a.t.thi (n) bone, seed.
• a.n.da (n) egg.
• atikkamitu.m (inf) to surpass.
• atithi (m) guest.
• atthi (v) is, has.
• atha (ind) then, after that.
• attha~n~nuu (m) knower of the meaning.
• adaasi (v) gave.
• addhaa (ind) certainly.
• adhipati (m) lord, leader.
• anugacchati (v) follows.
• anussarati (v) remembers.
• anussaranta (pr.p) remembering.
• antaraa (ind) between.
• anto (ind) in, inside.
• apagacchati (v) goes away.
• apaci (v) cooked.
• apara (adj) another, western.
• apassanta (pr.p) not seeing.
• api (ind) and, also.
• appaka (adj) few, a little.
• abhavi (v) was.
• abhi.nha.m (adv) constantly, often.
• amata (n) ambrosia, the supreme bliss.
• amba (m) mango.
• ambu (n) water.
• ammaa (f) mother.
• amhe (pron) we.
• amhaaka.m (pron) to us, our.
• aya.m (m, f) this [man, woman].
• ara~n~na (n) forest.
• ari (m) enemy.
• ala`nkaroti (v) decorates, adorns.
• asani (f) thunderbolt.
• asi (m) sword.
• asiiti (f) eighty.
• assa (m) horse.
• assa (pron) his, to him.
• assaa (pron) her, to her.
• assu (n) tear.
• ahi (m) serpent.
• aha.m (pron) I.

[aa]

• aaka.d.dhati (v) drags, pulls.
• aakaddhiiyati (v) is dragged, is pulled.
• aakaasa (m) sky.
• aakhu (m) rat.
• aagacchati (v) comes.
• aagacchi (v) came.
• aagata (p.p) come.
• aagantvaa (ger) having come.
• aagantu.m (inf) to come.
• aagamma (ger) having come.
• aadaaya (ger) having taken.
• aaneti (v) brings.
• aanesi (v) brought.
• aanetvaa (ger) having brought.
• aapa.na (m) shop, market.
• aama (adj) unripe.
• aama (ind) yes.
• aayu (n) age.
• aayudha (n) weapon.
• aarabhati (v) begins.
• aarabhi (v) began.
• aaraama (m) grove, monastery.
• aaruyha (ger) having ascended.
• aaruhati (v) ascends.
• aaruhi (v) ascended.
• aaruhitvaa (ger) having ascended.
• aaloka (m) light.
• aavaa.ta (m) pit.
• aaha.ta (p.p) brought.
• aaharati (v) brings.
• aaharanta (pr.p) bringing.
• aaharaapeti (v) causes to bring.
• aahari (v) brought.
• aaharitu.m (inf) to bring.
• aahariiyati (v) is brought.
• aahaara (m) food.
• aahi.n.dati (v) wanders.

[i]

• icchati (v) wishes.
• itara (adj) the other.
• ito (ind) hence.
• itthii (f) woman.
• ida.m (n) this [thing].
• idaani (ind) now.
• idha (ind) here.
• ima (adj) this.
• imaa (pron) these [women].
• ime (pron) these [men].
• isi (m) sage.
• isipatanaaraama (m) the grove of Isipatana (at Sarnath).

[u]

• ukkhipitvaa (ger) having raised up.
• ugga.nhaati (v) learns.
• ugga.nhitabba (pot.p) that should be learnt.
• ucca (adj) high, tall.
• ucchu (m) sugarcane.
• u.t.thahati (v) rises up.
• u.t.thahitvaa (ger) having risen up.
• u.t.thaapetvaa (ger) having awaken.
• u.d.deti (v) flies.
• uttara (adj) northern.
• uttaana (adj) shallow.
• udaka (n) water.
• udadhi (m) ocean.
• udeti (v) rises up.
• upari (ind) above.
• uppala (n) water-lily.
• ubhaya (3) both.
• ussahati (v) tries.

[e]

• eka (adj) one, certain.
• ekakkhattu.m (adv) once.
• ekacattaa.liisati (f) forty-one.
• ekati.msati (f) thirty-one.
• ekato (ind) together.
• ekadaa (adv) one day, once.
• ekadhaa (adv) in one way.
• ekattha (adv) in one place.
• ekamanta.m (adv) aside.
• ekaviisati (f) twenty-one.
• ekasa.t.thi (f) sixty-one.
• ekaadasa (3) eleven.
• ekaadasama (adj) eleventh.
• ekaasiiti (f) eighty-one.
• ekuunacattaa.liisati (f) 39.
• ekuunati.msati (f) 29.
• ekuunapa~n~naasati (f) 49.
• ekuunanavuti (f) 89.
• ekuunaviisati (f) 19.
• ekuunasa.t.thi (f) 59.
• ekuunasattati (f) 69.
• ekuunasata (n) 99.
• ekuunaasiiti (f) 79.
• eta (3) that, this.
• ettha (adv) here.
• eva.m (ind) thus, yes.
• esaa (f) that [woman]. (stem: eta)
• eso (m) that [man]. (stem: eta)

[o]

• okkamma (ger) having moved aside.
• ocinaati (v) gathers, collects.
• ocinitvaa (ger) having collected.
• ocinitu.m (inf) to gather, to collect.
• otarati (v) descends.
• otaritvaa (ger) having descended.
• odana (m/n) [boiled] rice.
• oti.n.na (p.p) descended.
• oruyha (ger) having descended.
• oruhati (v) descends.
• oloketi (v) looks at.
• olokenta (pr.p) looking at.

[k]

• kacchu (f) itch.
• ka~n~naa (f) girl.
• ka.tacchu (m) spoon.
• ka.neru (f) she-elephant.
• kata (p.p) made, done.
• katama (3) which of the many.
• katara (3) which of the two.
• kattu (m) doer, compiler.
• kattha (adv) where.
• katvaa (ger) having done.
• katha.m (ind) how.
• kathaa (f) speech, talk.
• katheti (v) says.
• kathesi (v) said, told.
• kadalii (f) plantain.
• kadaa (adv) when?
• kapi (m) monkey.
• kamma (n) work.
• kammanta (m) work.
• kammakaara (m) worker.
• kara.niiya (pot.p) that should be done.
• kari (v) did.
• karissati (v) will do.
• karii (m) elephant.
• kariiyati (v) is done.
• karoti (v) does.
• karonta (pr.p) doing.
• kavi (m) poet.
• kasati (v) ploughs.
• kasiiyati (v) is ploughed.
• kassaka (m) farmer.
• kaaka (m) crow.
• kaakii (f) she-crow.
• kaatabba (pot.p) that should be done.
• kaatu.m (inf) to do.
• kaara.na (n) reason.
• kaaraapeti (v) causes to do.
• kaaya (m) body.
• kaala (m) time.
• kaala.m karoti (v) dies.
• kaasu (f) pit.
• kaa.la (adj) black.
• ki.nanta (pr.p) buying.
• ki.naati (v) buys.
• ki.ni (v) bought.
• ki.nitvaa (ger) having bought.
• ki.niiyati (v) is bought.
• kitti (f) fame.
• ki.m (3) what?
• kii.lati (v) plays.
• kii.litvaa (ger) having played.
• kukku.tii (f) hen.
• kucchi (m/f) belly.
• ku.t.thii (m) leper.
• kuto (ind) from where?
• kuddha (p.p) enraged, angry.
• kumaara (m) boy.
• kamaarii (f) girl.
• kula (n) family, caste.
• kulavantu (adj) of the high caste.
• kuhi.m (adv) where?
• kuula (n) [river] bank.
• ketu (m) banner.
• ko (m) who? (Nom.)
• kodha (m) anger.
• ko.lambanagara (n) city of Colombo.

[kh]

• kha.nati (v) digs.
• khanti (f) patience.
• khara (adj) rough, coarse.
• khaadati (v) eats.
• khaadanta (pr.p) eating.
• khaadi (v) ate.
• khaaditvaa (ger) having eaten.
• khinna (p.p) dejected.
• khiira (n) milk.
• khuddaka (adj) small.
• khudaa (f) hunger.
• khetta (n) field.

[g]

• gacchati (v) goes.
• gacchanta (pr.p) going.
• gacchaapeti (v) causes to go.
• gacchi (v) went.
• gacchissati (v) will go.
• ga`ngaa (f) river.
• ga.nii (m) one who has a following.
• ga.n.thi (m) knot.
• ga.nhaati (v) takes.
• ga.nhaapeti (v) causes to take.
• ga.nhi (v) took.
• ga.nhitu.m (inf) to take.
• ga.nhiiyati (v) is taken.
• gata (p.p) gone.
• gantu (m) goer.
• gantu.m (inf) to go.
• gantvaa (ger) having gone.
• gamissati (v) will go.
• gambhiira (adj) deep.
• garu (m) teacher.
• gavesati (v) seeks.
• gahapati (m) householder.
• gahita (p.p) taken.
• gahetvaa (ger) having taken.
• gaama (m) village.
• gaayati (v) sings.
• gaayanta (pr.p) singing.
• gaavii (f) cow.
• giri (m) mountain.
• giivaa (f) neck.
• gu.navantu (adj) virtuous.
• guhaa (f) cave.
• geha (m, n) house.
• go.na (m) ox.
• godhaa (f) iguana.

[gh]

• gha.ta (m) water-pot.
• ghaa.na (n) nose.
• ghaayitu.m (inf) to smell.

[c]

• ca (ind) and.
• cakkhu (n) eye.
• cakkhumantu (adj) possessor of eyes.
• canda (m) moon.
• cattaa.lisati (f) forty.
• catu (3) four.
• catutti.msati (f) thirty-four.
• catuttha (adj) fourth.
• catutthii (f) Dative.
• catuddasa (3) fourteen.
• catuppada (m) quadruped.
• caturaasiiti (f) eighty-four.
• catuviisati (f) twenty-four.
• carati (v) walks.
• caranta (pr.p) walking.
• caritvaa (ger) having walked.
• citta (n) mind.
• cinteti (v) thinks.
• cintetvaa (ger) having thought.
• cintesi (v) thought.
• cira.m (adv) [for a] long time.
• cuddasa (3) fourteen.
• cuddasama (adj) fourteenth.
• cetiya (n) shrine, pagoda.
• cora (m) thief.
• coreti (v) steals.
• coresi (v) stole.

[ch]

• cha (3) six.
• cha.t.tha (adj) sixth.
• cha.t.thii (f) Genitive.
• chattha (n) umbrella.
• chatti.msati (f) thirty-six.
• chattii (m) one who has an umbrella.
• channavuti (f) ninety-six.
• chabbiisati (f) twenty-six.
• chaayaa (f) shade, shadow.
• chaasiiti (f) eighty-six.
• chindati (v) cuts.
• chindanta (pr.p) cutting.
• chindaapeti (v) causes to cut.
• chinditabba (pot.p) that should be cut.
• chinna (p.p) cut.

[j]

• ja`nghaa (f) shank, calf of the leg.
• ja.n.nu (m) knee.
• jatu (n) sealing wax.
• jayatu (v) let him conquer.
• jala (n) water.
• jaa.nu (m) knee.
• jaanaati (v) knows.
• jaaleti (v) kindles.
• jaalesi (v) kindled.
• jinaati (v) wins.
• jivhaa (f) tongue.
• jetu (m) victor.

[~n]

• ~naa.na (n) wisdom.
• ~naata (p.p) known.
• ~naatu (m) knower.

[.t]

• .thatvaa (ger) having stood.
• .thapita (p.p) kept.
• .thapeti (v) keeps.
• .thapetu (v) let him keep.
• .thapesi (v) kept.
• .thaana (n) place.
• .thita (p.p) stood.

[.d]

• .dasati (v) bites, stings.
• .dasitvaa (ger) having bitten or stung.

[t]

• ta (3) that.
• ta.n.dula (n) rice [uncooked].
• tatiya (adj) third.
• tato (ind) thence, from there.
• tattha (adv) there.
• tatra (adv) there.
• tathaa (ind) so, likewise, in that way.
• tadaa (adv) then.
• tarati (v) crosses.
• taritvaa (ger) having crossed.
• taru (m) tree.
• taru.nii (f) young woman.
• tava = thine, your.
• tassa = his.
• tassaa = of her, to her.
• tahi.m (adv) there.
• taa (f) those women.
• taani = those things.
• ti (3) three.
• ti.t.thati (v) stands.
• ti.t.thanta (pr.p) standing.
• ti.na (n) grass.
• ti.n.na (p.p) crossed, gone ashore.
• tinavuti (f) ninety-three.
• tipu (n) lead.
• tiriya.m (adv) across.
• ti.msati (f) thirty.
• ti.msatima (adj) thirtieth.
• ti.msaa (f) thirty.
• tumhe = you.
• tuyha.m = to you, your.
• tulaa (f) scale, balance.
• te (m) they.
• te-asiiti (f) eighty-three.
• tetti.msati (f) thirty-three.
• tenavuti (f) ninety-three.
• tepa~n~naasaa (f) fifty-three.
• terasa (3) thirteen.
• terasama (adj) thirteenth.
• teviisati (f) twenty-three.
• tesa.t.thi (f) sixty-three.
• tesattati (f) seventy-three.
• te.lasa (3) thirteen.
• tva.m = thou.

[d]

• dakkhi.na (adj) southern.
• da.t.tha (p.p) bitten.
• datvaa (ger) having given.
• dadanta (pr.p) giving.
• dadamaana (pr.p) giving.
• dadaati (v) gives.
• dadi (v) gave.
• daddu (f) eczema.
• dadhi (n) curd.
• dantii (m) tusker, elephant.
• dasa (3) ten.
• dasako.ti (f) hundred million.
• dasama (adj) tenth.
• dasalakkha (n) million.
• dasasata (n) thousand.
• dasasahassa (n) ten thousand.
• dassaniiya (adj) handsome, beautiful.
• da.lha.m (adv) tightly.
• daa.thii (m) tusker, serpent.
• daatabba (pot.p) that should be given.
• daatu (m) given.
• daatu.m (inf) to give.
• daana (n) alms, charity.
• daayaka (m) giver.
• daaraka (m) young one, boy.
• daarikaa (f) girl.
• daaru (n) firewood.
• daasa (m) slave.
• daasii (f) slave woman.
• dinna (p.p) given.
• divasa (m) day.
• divaa (ind) day-time.
• disaa (f) direction.
• disvaa (ger) having seen.
• diigha (adj) long.
• diighajiivii (m) possessor of long life.
• diipa (m) island, lamp.
• diipi (m) leopard.
• diiyati (v) is given.
• diiyamaana (pr.p) being given.
• dukkha (n) pain, misery, trouble.
• dukkha.m (adv) with difficulty, miserably.
• dutiya (adj) second.
• dundubhi (f) drum.
• dubbala (adj) feeble.
• deti (v) gives.
• deva (m) rain, deity.
• devataa (f) deity.
• devii (f) queen, goddess.
• desanaa (f) preaching.
• desita (p.p) preached.
• deseti (v) preaches.
• desesi (v) preached.
• desiiyati (v) is preached.
• do.ni (f) canoe, boat.
• dolaa (f) palanquin.
• dvatti.msati (f) thirty-two.
• dvaadasa (3) twelve.
• dvaadasama (adj) twelfth.
• dvaanavuti (f) ninety-two.
• dvaaviisati (f) twenty-two.
• dvaasa.t.thi (f) sixty-two.
• dvaasattati (f) seventy-two.
• dvaasiiti (f) eighty-two.
• dvi (3) two.
• dvikkhattu.m (adv) twice.
• dvicattaa.liisati (f) forty-two.
• dvidhaa (ind) in two ways, into two.
• dvinavuti (f) ninety-two.
• dvisattati (f) seventy-two.
• dvisata (n) two hundred.
• dveasiiti (f) eighty-two.
• dvepa.n.naasaa (f) fifty-two.
• dvesattati (f) seventy-two.

[dh]

• dhana (n) wealth.
• dhanavantu (adj) rich.
• dhanu (n) bow.
• dhamma (m) doctrine.
• dhaatu (f) element, relic.
• dhaavati (v) runs.
• dhaavanta (3) running.
• dhaavi (v) ran.
• dhaavitvaa (ger) having run.
• dhiitu (f) daughter.
• dhuuli (f) dust.
• dhenu (f) cow [of any kind].
• dhovati (v) washes.
• dhovitabba (pot.p) that should be washed.
• dhoviiyati (v) is washed.

[n]

• na (ind) not, no.
• nagara (n) city.
• nattu (m) grandson.
• natthi (v) is not.
• nadii (f) river.
• nayana (n) eye.
• nara (m) man.
• nava (3) nine.
• navama (adj) ninth.
• navasata (n) nine hundred.
• navuti (f) ninety.
• na santi = are not.
• nahaata (p.p) bathed.
• nahaatvaa (ger) having bathed.
• nahaapeti (v) causes to bathe.
• nahaayati (v) bathes.
• nahaayanta (pr.p) bathing.
• naama (n) name.
• naarii (f) woman.
• naavaa (f) ship.
• naasaa (f) nose.
• naa.li (f) corn measure, tube.
• naa.likera (m) coconut.
• nikkhanta (p.p) got out.
• nikkhamati (v) goes out.
• nikkhamma (ger) having come out.
• niddaa (f) sleep.
• nidhi (m) hidden treasure.
• nibbattitu.m (inf) to be born.
• nibbattitvaa (ger) having born.
• niraya (m) hell.
• niliiyati (v) hides.
• nisinna (p.p) sat.
• nisiidati (v) sats.
• nisiidaapeti (v) causes to sit.
• nisiidi (v) sat.
• nisiiditabba (pot.p) should be sat.
• nisiiditvaa (ger) having sat.
• niica (adj) low, vulgar.
• niita (p.p) led, carried.
• niila (adj) blue.
• niiharati (v) ejects.
• neti (v) leads, carries.
• netu (m) leader.
• nesi (v) led, carried.

[p]

• pakka (p.p) cooked, ripe.
• pakkhipati (v) puts in.
• pakkhii (m) bird.
• paggayha (ger) having raised up.
• pacati (v) cooks.
• pacatu (v) let him cook.
• pacanta (pr.p) cooking.
• pacamaana (pr.p) cooking.
• pacaniiya (pot.p) that should be cooked.
• paci (v) cooked.
• pacita (p.p) cooked.
• pacitabba (pot.p) that should be cooked.
• pacitu.m (inf) to cook.
• pacitvaa (ger) having cooked.
• pacchaa (ind) afterwards.
• pa~nca (3) five.
• pa~ncadasa (3) fifteen.
• pa~ncama (adj) fifth.
• pa~ncati.msati (f) thirty-five.
• pa~ncadhaa (ind) in five ways.
• pa~ncaviisati (f) twenty-five.
• pa~ncasata (n) five hundred.
• pa~n~navantu (adj) wise.
• pa~n~naa (f) wisdom.
• pa~n~naasati (f) fifty.
• pa~n~naasaa (f) fifty.
• pa.tinivatti (v) went back.
• pa.tiyaadetu.m (inf) to make, to prepare.
• pa.thama (adj) first.
• pa.n.na (n) leaf.
• pa.n.narasa (3) fifteen.
• pa.n.naasati (f) fifty.
• pa.n.dita (m) wise man.
• patati (v) falls.
• pati (m) husband, master.
• pati (v) fell down.
• patti (f) infantry.
• paduma (n) lotus.
• panasa (m) jack-fruit.
• pabbata (m) mountain.
• pabbajati (v) becomes a monk, renounces.
• pabhuu (m) overlord.
• para (adj) other, latter.
• parasuve (ind) day after tomorrow.
• parahiiyo (ind) day before yesterday.
• paridahati (v) wears.
• parisaa (f) retinue, following.
• pavisati (v) enters.
• pavisitvaa (ger) having entered.
• pasu (m) beast.
• passati (v) sees.
• passanta (pr.p) seeing, looking at.
• passitu.m (inf) to see.
• paha.ta (p.p) beaten.
• paharati (v) beats.
• paharitvaa (ger) having beaten.
• pahariiyati (v) is beaten.
• pahaaya (ger) having left.
• paaka (m) cooking, boiling.
• paacayati (v) causes to cook.
• paacaapayati (v) causes to cook.
• paacaapeti (v) causes to cook.
• paaceti (v) causes to cook.
• paa.thasaalaa (f) school.
• paa.ni (m) hand.
• paateti (v) fells, makes to fall.
• paatesi (v) felled.
• paatu.m (inf) to drink.
• paato (ind) in the morning.
• paada (m) foot, leg.
• paapa (n) sin.
• paapakaarii (m) sinner, evil-doer.
• paaleti (v) protects, governs.
• paalesi (v) protected.
• paavisi (v) entered.
• paasaa.na (m) stone, rock.
• pitu (m) father.
• pipaasaa (f) thirst.
• pivati (v) drinks.
• pivatu (v) let him drink.
• pivamaana (pr.p) drinking.
• pivitu.m (inf) to drink.
• pivitvaa (ger) having drunk.
• pi.landhitvaa (ger) having donned.
• piitha (n) chair.
• piita (p.p) drunk.
• piita (adj) yellow.
• pii.lita (p.p) oppressed.
• pii.leti (v) oppressed.
• pu~n~na (n) merit, fortune.
• pa~n~navantu (adj) fortunate, meritorious.
• putta (m) son.
• puna (ind) again.
• puppha (n) flower.
• pubba (adj) former, eastern.
• purato (ind) in front.
• puraa (ind) before, formerly.
• purisa (m) man.
• pulina (n) sand.
• puujaa (f) offering.
• puujeti (v) offers, honours.
• puujesi (v) respected, offered.
• puujetvaa (ger) having offered.
• pokkharanii (f) pond.

[ph]

• pharasu (m) axe, hatchet.
• phala (n) fruit, nut.
• phalavantu (adj) fruitful.

[b]

• batti.msati (f) thirty-two.
• bandhati (v) binds, ties.
• bandhiiyati (v) is bound.
• bandhu (m) relation.
• bandhumantu (adj) one who has relations.
• bala (n) power.
• balavantu (adj) powerful, strong.
• balii (m) powerful.
• bahu (adj) many.
• bahuka (adj) many.
• baaraa.nasii (f) Benares [city].
• baala (adj) young, foolish.
• baahu (m) arm.
• buddha (m) the Enlightened One.
• buddhi (f) wisdom.
• buddhimantu (adj) wise.
• bodhi (m/f) Bo-tree.
• braahma.nii (f) brahmin woman.

[bh]

• bhagavantu (m) the Buddha, the Exalted One. (adj) the fortunate.
• bhaginii (f) sister.
• bha~njati (v) breaks.
• bha.n.da (n) goods.
• bhattu (m) husband, supporter.
• bhariyaa (f) wife.
• bhavati (v) is, becomes.
• bhavatu (v) let it be.
• bhavitabba (pot.p) that should happen.
• bhaagii (m) sharer.
• bhaajetvaa (ger) having divided.
• bhaatu (m) brother.
• bhaanu (m) sun.
• bhaanumantu (m) sun.
• bhaayati (v) fears.
• bhaayitvaa (ger) having feared.
• bhaasati (v) says.
• bhaasiiyati (v) is told, is said.
• bhikkhu (m) Buddhist monk.
• bhindati (v) breaks.
• bhinna (p.p) broken.
• bhu~njati (v) eats.
• bhu~njanta (pr.p) eating.
• bhu~njitabba (pot.p) that should be eaten.
• bhu~njitu.m (inf) to eat.
• bhu~njiiyati (v) is eaten.
• bhutta (p.p) eaten.
• bhuupati (m) king.
• bhuupaala (m) king.
• bhuumi (f) earth, ground.
• bhogii (m) serpent.
• bhojaapeti (v) feeds.
• bhottu.m (inf) to eat.

[m]

• magga (m) path.
• majjhima (adj) medium, central.
• ma~nca (m) bed.
• ma~njuusaa (f) box.
• ma.ni (m) gem.
• mata (p.p) dead.
• mati (f) wisdom.
• matta~n~nuu (adj) temperate, one who knows the measure.
• madhu (n) honey.
• manussa (m) man, human being.
• maya.m = we.
• mayha.m = to me, my.
• mayuura (m) peacock.
• mara.na (n) death.
• marati (v) dies.
• mahanta (pr.p) big, large, great.
• mahallaka (adj) elderly, old.
• mahii (f) earth, the river of that name.
• maa (ind) [do] not.
• maatu (f) mother.
• maaraapeti (v) causes to kill.
• maarita (p.p) killed.
• maariiyati (v) is killed.
• maareti (v) kills.
• maaresi (v) killed.
• maalaa (f) garland.
• maalii (m) possessor of a garland.
• maasa (m) month.
• miga (m) deer, beast.
• migii (f) she-deer.
• mi.naati (v) measures.
• mitta (m) friend.
• mu.t.thi (m) fist, hammer.
• mudu (adj) soft.
• muni (m) monk.
• muula (n) root, money.

[y]

• ya (3) which (relative).
• ya.t.tihi (m/f) stick, walking stick.
• yattha (adv) where (relative).
• yadaa (adv) whenever.
• yasavantu (adj) famous.
• yaagu (f) rice, gruel.
• yaacaka (m) beggar.
• yaacati (v) begs.
• yaacanta (pr.p) begging.
• yaaci (v) begged.
• yaava (ind) as far as.
• yaava ... taava (ind) until.
• yuvati (f) maiden.
• yojeti (v) harnesses, joins, composes.

[r]

• rakkhati (v) protects.
• rakkhatu (v) let him protect.
• rakkhitabba (pot.p) that should be observed or protected.
• rakkhiiyati (v) is protected.
• rajja (n) kingdom.
• rajju (f) rope.
• ratta (adj) red.
• ratti (f) night.
• ratha (m) chariot.
• ravi (m) sun.
• ravitvaa (ger) having crowed.
• rassa (adj) short.
• raasi (m) heap.
• rukkha (m) tree.
• ruupa (n) form, image.
• rodati (v) cries.
• rodanta (pr.p) crying.

[l]

• lakkha (n) hundred thousand.
• la`nkaa (f) [island] of Ceylon.
• lataa (f) creeper.
• laddha (p.p) got.
• laddhaa (ger) having got.
• laddhu.m (inf) to get.
• labhati (v) gets, receives.
• labhitu.m (inf) to get.
• likhati (v) writes.
• lekhaka (m) clerk.
• loka (m) world.
• locana (n) eye.

[v]

• va.nita (p.p) wounded.
• va.nitamakaasi (v) wounded.
• va.d.dhakii (m) carpenter.
• vattabba (pot.p) that should be told.
• vattu (m) sayer.
• vattha (n) cloth.
• vatthu (n) base, site, ground.
• vada~n~nuu (adj) charitable.
• vadati (v) says.
• vadana (n) face, mouth.
• vana (n) forest.
• vanitaa (f) woman.
• vandati (v) bows down, worships.
• vandita (p.p) worshipped.
• vanditabba (pot.p) that should be worshipped.
• vandiiyati (v) is worshipped.
• vapu (n) body.
• varaaha (m) pig.
• vasati (v) dwells.
• vasanta (pr.p) living.
• vasu (n) wealth.
• vasudhaa (f) earth.
• vassa (m/n) year, rain.
• vassati (v) rains.
• va.lavaa (f) mare.
• vaa (ind) or, either - or.
• vaacaa (f) word.
• vaa.nija (m) merchant.
• vaanara (m) monkey.
• vaapii (f) tank.
• vaari (n) water.
• vaalukaa (f) sand.
• vikki.nanta (pr.p) selling.
• vikki.naati (v) sells.
• vikki.ni (v) sold.
• vikkiniiyati (v) is sold.
• vijju (f) lightning.
• vi~n~naatu (m) knower.
• vi~n~nu (m) wise man.
• vitthata (p.p) broad, wide.
• viduu (m) wise man.
• vidhaaya (ger) having done or commanded.
• vinaa (ind) except, without.
• vinetu (m) instructor.
• visikhaa (f) street.
• visu.m (ind) severally, separately.
• viharanta (pr.p) residing, living.
• vihaara (m) monastery.
• viisati (f) twenty.
• viisatima (adj) twentieth.
• viihi (m) paddy.
• vu.t.thi (f) rain.
• vutta (p.p) said.
• vuttha (p.p) dwelt, lived.
• vuddhi (f) increase, progress.
• ve (ind) certainly.
• vejja (m) doctor, physician.
• ve.nu (m) bamboo.
• ve.lu (m) bamboo.
• vyaadhi (m) sickness.

[s]

• saki.m (adv) once.
• saku.na (m) bird.
• saku.nii (f) she-bird.
• sakkoti (v) is able.
• sakkharaa (f) sugar, gravel.
• sakhii (f) woman-friend.
• sagga (m) heaven.
• sa`ngha (m) community.
• sace (ind) if.
• sa.t.thi (f) sixty.
• sata (n) hundred.
• satako.ti (f) thousand million.
• satama (adj) hundredth.
• satalakkha (n) ten million.
• satasahassa (n) hundred thousand.
• sati (f) memory.
• satimantu (adj) mindful.
• satta (3) seven.
• sattadasa (3) seventeen.
• sattati (f) seventy.
• sattati.msati (f) thirty-seven.
• sattama (adj) seventh.
• sattamii (f) Locative.
• sattarasa (3) seventeen.
• sattaviisati (f) twenty-seven.
• sattaasiiti (f) eighty-seven.
• sattu (m) enemy.
• sattha (n) science. (m) caravan.
• satthi (m/n) thigh.
• satthu (m) teacher, adviser.
• sadaa (ind) ever, always.
• saddhi.m (ind) with.
• sanika.m (adv) slowly.
• santi (v) are.
• santi (f) peace, relief.
• santika (adj) near.
• sannipatati (v) assembles.
• sappi (n) ghee.
• sabba (adj) all, every.
• sabbattha (adv) everywhere.
• sabba~n~nuu (m) the Omniscient One.
• sabbadaa (adv) ever, always.
• sabhaa (f) committee, society.
• sama.m (adv) equally, evenly.
• sayati (v) sleeps.
• sayanta (pr.p) sleeping.
• sayita (p.p) slept.
• sayi (v) slept.
• sayitvaa (ger) having slept.
• sasii (m) moon.
• sassu (f) mother-in-law.
• saha (ind) with.
• sahasaa (adv) suddenly.
• sahassa (n) thousand.
• saa = she.
• saakhaa (f) branch.
• saadhuka.m (adv) well.
• saamii (m) master, lord.
• saaya.m (ind) in the evening.
• saarathii (m) charioteer.
• saalaa (f) hall.
• saavatthii (f) city of that name.
• sikkhaapada (n) precept.
• sikhii (m) peacock.
• sindhu (m) sea.
• silaa (f) stone.
• sissa (m) student.
• sigha.m (adv) quickly.
• siila (n) virtue, precept.
• siilavantu (adj) observant of precepts, virtuous.
• siiha (m) lion.
• siihii (f) lioness.
• sukha (n) comfort.
• sukha.m (adv) comfortably.
• sukhii (m) receiver of comfort, happy.
• su.naati (v) hears.
• suta (p.p) heard.
• sutta (p.p) slept.
• sutvaa (ger) having heard.
• sunakha (m) dog.
• suraa (f) liquor, intoxicant.
• suriya (m) sun.
• suruupa (adj) handsome, beautiful.
• suva.n.na (n) gold.
• suve (ind) tomorrow.
• susaana (n) cemetery.
• susu (m) young one.
• se.t.thii (m) millionaire.
• seta (adj) white.
• setu (m) bridge.
• senaa (f) army, multitude.
• so = he (stem: ta)
• sota (n) ear, stream.
• sotabba (pot.p) that should be heard.
• sotu (m) hearer.
• sopaa.na (n) stair.
• so.lasa (3) sixteen.

[h]

• ha.ta (p.p) carried.
• hata (p.p) killed.
• hattha (m) hand.
• hatthinii (f) she-elephant.
• hatthii (m) elephant.
• hadaya (n) heart.
• harati (v) carries.
• hara.niiya (pot.p) that should be carried.
• haranta (pr.p) carrying.
• haraapeti (v) causes to carry.
• hari (v) carried.
• harita (p.p) carried.
• haritu.m (inf) to carry.
• hariiyati (v) is carried.
• hasati (v) laughs.
• hasanta (pr.p) laughing.
• himavantu (m) the Himalayas.
• hiiyo (ind) yesterday.
• hoti (v) is, becomes.
• hotu (v) let it be.