The New Pali Course Part I

Exercise 20-A: Translate into English.

1. Rattaa gaaviyo khette aahi.ndantiyo bahu.m ti.na.m khaadi.msu.
red / cows / [in] field / wandering / much / grass / ate
The red cows wandering in the field ate a lot of grass.

2. Uccaa kumaarii niila.m vattha.m paridahitvaa mahanta.m nagara.m gamissati.
tall / girls / blue / cloth / having worn / big / city / will go
Having worn a blue cloth, the tall girls will go to the big city.

3. Bahavo manussaa diighaahi rajjuuhi setaa dhenuyo bandhitvaa gambhiira.m nadi.m hari.msu.
many / people / long / [with] ropes / white / cows / having bound / deep / river / led
Having bound the white cows with long ropes, many people led them to the deep river.

4. Amhaaka.m bahuuna.m bandhavaana.m puttaa dubbalaa honti.
our / [of] many / [of] relations / sons / feeble / are
The sons of our many relations are feeble.

5. Pa.n.ditassa purisassa saa baalaa bhaginii pakkaani phalaani ocinitvaa appakaana.m daarakaana.m adaasi.
[of] wise / [of] man / that / foolish / sister / ripe / fruits / having collected / few / boys / gave
Having collected ripe fruits, that foolish sister of the wise man gave them to a few boys.

6. Tassaa mahallikaaya itthiyaa daharo nattaa uttaane jale nahaayati.
[of] that / old / [of] woman / young / grandson /[in] shallow / [in] water / takes a bath
The young grandson of that old woman takes a bath in shallow water.

7. Tasmi.m ucce rukkhe .thito vaanaro imasmi.m niice tarumhi nisinne pakkhino oloketi.
[in] that / high / [in] tree / stood / monkey / [in] this / low / [in] tree / seated / birds / looks at
The monkey that stood in that high tree looks at the birds seated in this low tree.

8. Maalinii naarii rassena maggena khuddaka.m gaama.m gacchi.
wearing a garland / woman / short / [through] path / small / [to] village / went
The woman wearing a garland went to the small village through a short path.

9. Daharaa ka~n~naa mudunaa hatthena rattaani padumaani ga.nhaati.
young / girl / soft / [with] hand / red / lotuses / takes
The young girl takes the red lotuses with her soft hand.

10. Balavanto appakam pi dhana.m labhitvaa dubbale manusse pii.lenti.
powerful / few / also / wealth / having obtained / feeble / men / oppress
Having obtained also a little wealth, the powerful oppress the feeble men.

11. Balavantaa kaa.laa go.naa uccesu giriisu aahi.n.ditvaa bahuuni ti.naani khaadanti.
powerful / black / cows / high / [on] mountains / having wandered / a lot of / grass / eat
The powerful black cows wander on the high mountains and eat a lot of grass.

12. Bahunna.m baalaana.m puttaa tassaa nadiyaa gambhiire jale patitvaa mari.msu.
many / [of] young ones / sons / that / [from] river / deep / [in] water / having fallen / died
Sons of many foolish people fell in that river's deep water and died.

13. Mama bhaataraana.m majjhimo niice pii.the nisiiditvaa aama.m phala.m khaadati.
my / [of] brothers / middle-brother / low / [on] chair / having sat / unripe / fruit / eats
Having sat on a low chair, my middle-brother eats an unripe fruit.

14. Maya.m suve majjhima.m vaapi.m gantvaa setaani padumaani niilaani uppalaani ca aaharissama.
we / tomorrow / medium / tank / having gone / white / lotuses / blue / waterlilies / will bring
Tomorrow we will go to the medium tank and bring/gather white lotuses and blue waterlilies.

15. Tumhe mahallake dubbale ca purise disvaa maa hasatha.
you / old / feeble / and / men / having seen / not / laugh
Having seen old and feeble men, you should not laugh.

Exercise 20-B: Translate into Pali.

1. A white cow drank much water from that big tank.
seto / go.no / pivi / bahu.m / udaka.m / taaya / mahantiyaa / vaapiyaa
Seto go.no taaya mahantiyaa vaapiya bahu.m udaka.m pivi.

2. Wearing red cloths many girls are going to the big market in that large city.
paridahantii / rattaani / vatthaani / bahukaayo / ka~n~naayo / gacchantii / mahanta.m / aapa.na.m / tasmi.m / mahante / nagare
Rattaani vatthaani paridahantii bahukaayo ka~n~naayo tasmi.m mahante nagare mahanta.m aapa.na.m gacchanti honti.

3. The sons of that elderly woman are neither powerful nor rich.
puttaa / tassaa / mahallakaaya / vanitaaya / honti / vaa / balavantaa / na / dhanavantaa
Tassaa mahallakaaya vanitaaya puttaa balavantaa vaa dhanavantaa vaa na honti.

4. Our young ones always like to eat many unripe fruits.
amha.m / susavo / sadaa / icchanti / bhu~njitu.m / bha.n.daani / bahuuni / aamaani / phalaani
Amha.m susavo sadaa bahuuni aamaani phalaani bhu~njitu.m icchanti.

5. That foolish woman went to that long river and fell in its deep water.
saa / baalaa / vanitaa / gantvaa / ta.m / diigha.m / nadi.m / pati / tassa / gambhiire / jale
Saa baalaa vanitaa ta.m diigha.m nadi.m gantvaa tassa gambhiire jale pati.

6. Water in this pond is not deep but shallow.
udaka.m / imaaya.m / pokkhara.niya.m / hoti / na / gambhiira.m / uttaana.m
Udaka.m imaaya.m pokkhara.niya.m na gambhiira.m uttaana.m hoti.

7. My old (elderly) aunt brought a long rope to bind that red cow.
mama / mahallakaa / maatulaanii / aahari / diigha.m / rajju.m / bandhitu.m / ta.m / ratta.m / dhenu.m
Mama mahallakaa maatulaani ta.m ratta.m dhenu.m bandhitu.m diigha.m rajju.m aahari.

8. The powerful man cut many tall and dwarf trees in that small garden.
balavaa / puriso / chindi / bahuvo / ucce / ca / rassa / rukkhe / tasmi.m / khuddake / aaraame
Balavaa puriso tasmi.m khuddake aaraame bahuvo ucce rassa ca rukkhe chindi.

9. Sitting on a low chair the young girl eats a ripe mango got from her mother.
nisiidantii / niice / pii.the / daharaa / ka~n~naa / khaadati / pakka.m / amba.m / laddha.m / tassaa / ammaaya
Niice pii.the nisiidantii daharaa ka~n~naa tassaa ammaaya laddha.m pakka.m amba.m khaadati.

10. Much grass is brought by the slaves from that small field on the bank of that wide river.
bahu.m / ti.na.m / aaha.ta.m / daasebhi / tamhaa / khuddakamhaa / khettamhaa / kuule / tassaa / vitthataaya / nadiyaa
Bahu.m ti.na.m tassaa vitthataaya nadiyaa kule tamhaa khuddakamhaa khettamhaa daasebhi aaha.ta.m.

11. White lotuses and blue lilies are bought by that feeble maiden from the elderly man.
setaani / padumaani / ca / niilaani / uppalaani / kiitaani / honti / taaya / dubbalaaya / ka~n~naaya / mahallakamhaa / naramhaa
Setaani padumaani niilaani uppalaani ca mahallakamhaa naramhaa taaya dubbalaaya ka~n~naaya kiitaani honti.

12. The black oxen are sleeping on the rough ground near that high mountain.
kaa.laa / go.naa / sayantaa / kharaaya.m / bhuumiya.m / santika.m / tassa / uccassa / girino
Kaa.laa go.naa tassa uccassa girino santika.m kharaaya.m bhuumiya.m sayantaa honti.

13. The young boy's soft hand is burnt by the flame of that small lamp.
daharassa / kumarassa / mudu / hattho / hoti / da.d.dho / accinaa / tassa / khuddakassa / diipassa
Daharassa kumarassa mudu hattho tassa khuddakassa diipassa accinaa da.d.dho hoti.

14. Many people will cross the great ocean and come to see this beautiful little island.
bahuvo / purisaa / taritvaa / mahanta.m / udadhi.m / aagamissanti / passitu.m / ima.m / suruupa.m / khuddaka.m / diipa.m
Bahuvo purisaa mahanta.m udadhi.m taritvaa ima.m suruupa.m khuddaka.m diipa.m passitu.m aagamissanti.

15. In this beautiful city there are big houses, wide streets, long paths, and many gardens.
imasmi.m / suruupe / nagare / bhavanti / mahantaa / gehaa / vitthataayo / visikhaayo / diighaa / maggaa / bahuvo / aaraamaa
Imasmi.m suruupe nagare mahantaa gehaa vitthataayo visikhaayo diighaa maggaa bahuvo aaraamaa ca bhavanti.