An Elementary Pali Course Lesson V

Exercise 5-A: Translate into English.

1. Saku.naa phalaani khaadanti.
birds / fruits / eat
The birds eat the fruits.

2. Maya.m pii.thesu nisiidaama, ma~ncesu supaama.
we / on chairs / sit / on beds / sleep
We sit on chairs (and) sleep on beds.

3. Naraa aapan.ehi bha.ndaani ki.nanti.
men / from shops / goods / buy
The men buy goods from the shops.

4. Phalaani rukkhehi patanti.
fruits / from trees / fall
Fruits fall from the trees.

5. Kassakaa khettesu biijaani vapanti.
farmers / in fields / seeds / sow
The farmers sow seeds in the fields.

6. Sabbadaa maya.m udakena paade ca mukha~n* ca dhovaama.
everyday / we / with water / feet and / face and / wash
Everyday we wash (our) feet and face with water.

7. Sissaa aacariyaana.m lekhanaani likhanti.
pupils / to teachers / letters / write
The pupils write letters to (their) teachers.

8. Idaani aha.m mittehi saddhi.m ghare vasaami.
now / I / with friends / in house / live
I live in the house with (my) friends now.

9. Daaso ta.laakasmi.m vatthaani dhovati.
servant / at pond / clothes / washes
The servant washes the clothes at the pond.

10. So pupphehi Buddha.m puujeti.
he / (with) flowers / [to] Buddha / offers
He offers flowers to the Buddha.

11. Kasmaa tva.m aahaara.m na bhu~njasi?
why? / you / food / not / eat
Why do you not eat the food?

12. Ajja sissaa aacariyehi potthakaani ugga.nhanti.
today / students / from teachers / books / learn
Today, the students learn the books from (their) teachers.

13. Maggikaa mittehi saddhi.m nagaraa nagara.m vicaranti.
travellers / with friends / from city / [to] city / wander
The travellers wander from city to city with friends.

14. Aha.m sabbadaa aaraamasmaa pupphaani aaharaami.
I / everyday / from garden / flowers / bring
I bring flowers from the garden everyday.

15. Maya.m nagare gharaani passaama.
we / in city / houses / see
We see houses in the city.

16. Kassakaa nagare ta.laakasmaa udaka.m aaharanti.
farmers / in city / from lake / water / bring
The farmers bring water from the lake in the city.

17. Daarakaa janakassa pi.thasmi.m na nisiidanti.
children / father's / on chair / do not sit
The children do not sit on the father's chair.

18. Mitta.m aacariyassa potthaka.m puujeti.
friend / to teacher / book / offers
The friend offers the book to the teacher.

19. Tumhe naraana.m vatthaani ca bha.ndaani ca vikki.naatha.
you / to men / clothes and / goods and / sell
You sell clothes and goods to the men.

20. Aacariyassa aaraame sama.naa aadarena naraana.m Buddhassa Dhamma.m desenti.
teacher's / in temple / monks / with affection / to people / Buddha's / teaching / preach
In the teacher's temple, the monks preach the Buddha's teaching to the people with affection.

* mukha.m + ca = mukhañ ca

Exercise 5-B: Translate into Pali.

1. I am writing a letter to (my) friend.
aha.m / likhaami / lekhana.m / mittaaya
Aha.m mittaaya lekhana.m likhaami.

2. We eat fruits.
maya.m / khaadaama / phalaani
Maya.m phalaani khaadaama.

3. We offer flowers to the Buddha everyday.
maya.m / puujema / pupphehi / Buddha.m / sabbadaa
Sabbadaa maya.m pupphehi Buddha.m puujema.

4. He is not going home now.
so / na gacchati / ghara.m / idaani
Idaani so ghara.m na gacchati.

5. You are sowing seeds in the field today.
tumhe / vapatha / biijaani / khette / ajja
Ajja tumhe khette biijaani vapatha.

6. The sons are washing the father's feet with water.
puttaa / dhovanti / janakassa / paade / udakena
Puttaa udakena janakassa paade dhovanti.

7. They are partaking food with the friends in the house.
te / bhu~njanti / aahaara.m / mittehi saddhi.m / ghare
Te ghare mittehi saddhi.m aahaara.m bhu~njanti.

8. Children's friends are sitting on the benches.
daarakaana.m / mittaa / nisiidanti / pii.thesu
Daarakaana.m mittaa pii.thesu nisiidanti.

9. Are you writing letters to the teachers today?
tumhe / likhatha / lekhanaani / aacariyaana.m / ajja
Ajja tumhe aacariyaana.m lekhanaani likhatha?

10. I am sending books home through the servant.
aha.m / pesemi / potthakaani / ghara.m / daasena
Aha.m daasena potthakaani ghara.m pesemi.

11. I see fruits on the trees in the garden.
aha.m / passaami / phalaani / rukkhesu / aaraame
Aha.m aaraame rukkhesu phalaani passaami.

12. The birds eat the seeds in the field.
saku.naa / bhu~njanti / biijaani / khette
Saku.naa khette biijaani bhu~njanti.

13. Friends are not going away from the city today.
mittaa / na nikkhamanti / nagarasmaa / ajja
Ajja mittaa nagarasmaa na nikkhamanti.

14. We are coming from home on foot.*
maya.m / aagacchaama / gharamhaa / paadena
Maya.m paadena gharamhaa aagacchaama.

15. From where do you buy goods now?
kuto? / tva.m / ki.naasi / bha.ndaani / idaani
Kuto idaani tva.m bha.ndaani ki.naasi?

16. Men in the city are giving clothes and medicine to the sick.
naraa / nagare / denti / vatthaani ca / osadha.m ca / gilaanaana.m
Nagare naraa gilaanaana.m vatthaani ca osadha.m ca denti.

* Use the instrumental.