An Elementary Pali Course Lesson I

Exercise 1-A: Translate into English.

1. Buddha vadati.
Buddha / speaks
The Buddha speaks.

2. Dhammo rakkhati.
Law / protects
The Law protects.
Alt: The Truth protects.

3. Saa dhovati.
she / washes
She washes.

4. Yaacako dhaavati.
beggar / runs
The beggar runs.

5. Suudaa pacanti.
cooks / cook
The cooks cook.

6. Janakaa vadanti.
fathers / speak
The fathers speak.

7. Te vandanti.
they / salute
They salute.

8. Naraa rakkhanti.
men / protect
The men protect.

9. Puttaa dhaavanti.
sons / run
The sons run.

10. Daarako vandati.
child / salutes
The child salutes.

11. Buddho dhamma.m rakkhati.
Buddha / doctrine / protects
The Buddha protects the doctrine.

12. Daarakaa Buddha.m vandanti.
children / Buddha / honour
The children honour the Buddha.

13. Suudo gha.te dhovati.
cook / pots / washes
The cook washes the pots.

14. Naraa gaama.m rakkhanti.
men / village / protect
The men protect the village.

15. Saa odana.m pacati.
she / rice / cooks
She cooks rice.

16. Buddhaa dhamma.m vadanti.
Buddhas / doctrine / declare
Buddhas declare the doctrine.

17. Puttaa janake vandanti.
sons / fathers / salute
The sons salute (their) fathers.

18. Yaacakaa gha.te dhovanti.
beggars / pots / wash
The beggars wash the pots.

19. Te gaame rakkhanti.
they / villages / protect
They protect the villages.

20. Janako Buddha.m vandati.
father / Buddha / salutes
The father salutes the Buddha.

Exercise 1-B: Translate into Pali.

1. He protects.
so / rakkhati
So rakkhati.

2. The man salutes.
naro / vandati
Naro vandati.

3. The child is washing.
daarako / dhovati
Daarako dhovati.

4. The son speaks.
putto / vadati
Putto vadati.

5. The beggar is cooking.
yaacako / pacati
Yaacako pacati.

6. They are running.
te / dhaavanti
Te dhaavanti.

7. The children are speaking.
daarakaa / vadanti
Daarakaa vadanti.

8. The fathers are protecting.
janakaa / rakkhanti
Janakaa rakkhanti.

9. The sons are saluting.
puttaa / vandanti
Puttaa vandanti.

10. The cooks are washing.
suudaa / dhovanti
Suudaa dhovanti.

11. The men are saluting the Buddha.
naraa / vandanti / Buddha.m
Naraa Buddha.m vandanti.

12. Fathers protect men.
janakaa / rakkhanti / nare
Janakaa nare rakkhanti.

13. The cook is washing rice.
suudo / dhovati / odana.m
Suudo odana.m dhovati.

14. The truth protects men.
dhammo / rakkhati / nare
Dhammo nare rakkhati.

15. She is saluting the father.
saa / vandati / janaka.m
Saa janaka.m vandati.

16. The Enlightened One is declaring the Doctrine.
Buddho / vadati / Dhamma.m
Buddho Dhamma.m vadati.

17. The boys are washing the pots.
puttaa / dhovanti / gha.te
Puttaa gha.te dhovanti.

18. The men are protecting the villages.
naraa / rakkhanti / gaame
Naraa gaame rakkhanti.

19. The beggars are cooking rice.
yaacakaa / pacanti / odana.m
Yaacakaa odana.m pacanti.

20. The cook is washing the pot.
suudo / dhovati / gha.ta.m
Suudo gha.ta.m dhovati.