Introduction to Pali Exercise 2

[Page 19]

Translate into English:-

sugato dhamma.m bhaasati
"well-gone" / doctrine / speaks
The "well-gone" speaks the doctrine.

upaasako patta.m aaharati
lay disciple / bowl / brings
The lay disciple brings the bowl.

manussaa bhava.m* icchanti
humans / existence / wish for
Humans wish for existence.

*There are at least 7 meanings given for the word "bhavo" whereas PED seems to give only the one -- existence. I think Warder's translation "good fortune" comes closest to the meaning of "sampatti" -- success, prosperity, etc. To study the different meanings of "bhavo", two good sources are the Abhidhaanappadiipikaa which is the oldest Pali dictionary/thesaurus (from the 12th cent.) with seven meanings given in the following verse: 829. vuddhiya.m janane kaama-dhaatvaadimhi ca pattiya.m, sattaaya.m ceva sa.msaare bhaavo sassatadi.t.thiya.m. The Saddaniiti (pp. 65-7) gives a number of meanings with explanations and some examples. [Jim Anderson]

gaama.m gacchaama
to the village / we go
We go to the village.

sama.no aagacchati
ascetic / comes
The ascetic comes.

tathaagato sugato hoti
"thus-gone" / "well-gone" / is
The "thus-gone" is the "well-gone".

braahma.no purise pucchati
priest / people / asks
The priest asks the people.

devaa cavanti
gods / die
The gods die.

vaada.m vadanti
statement / they speak
They utter the statement.
They make a statement.

puttaa pabbajanti
sons / go forth
The sons go forth.

satto ti.t.thati
being / stays
The being stays.

sama.ne attha.m pucchanti
ascetics / meaning / they ask
They ask the ascetics the meaning.

Translate into Pali:-

They go to the minister
gacchanti / mahaamatta.m
mahaamatta.m gacchanti

The men see the ministers
purisaa / passanti / mahaamatte
purisaa mahaamatte passanti

The god, who is not a human being, approaches the "thus-gone"
devo amanusso / upasa.mkamati / tathaagata.m
devo amanusso tathaagata.m upasa.mkamati

You ask the philosopher about the doctrine
pucchasi / sama.na.m / dhamma.m
sama.na.m dhamma.m pucchasi

We ask the philosopher who is "well-gone"
pucchaama / sama.na.m / sugata.m
sama.na.m sugata.m pucchaama

The "thus-gone" gives up negligence
tathaagato / pajahati / pamaada.m
tathaagato pamaada.m pajahati

The lay disciples enter the village
upaasakaa / pavisanti / gaama.m
upaasakaa gaama.m pavisanti

The ascetics meditate
sama.naa / jhaayanti
sama.naa jhaayanti

The substance remains
kaayo / ti.t.thati
kaayo ti.t.thati

He reaches the top
phusati / agga.m
agga.m phusati

We ask the philosopher the meaning
pucchaama / sama.na.m / attha.m
sama.na.m attha.m pucchaama

He gives alms
deti (dadaati) / pi.n.da.m
pi.n.da.m deti (dadaati)